• If you ask me, why I am a Catholic Christian, my answer would be like the one of Saint Augustineโ€™s: โ€œI wonโ€™t be a Christian if not for the Catholic Churchโ€.

  • This comes from St. Gregoryโ€™s Oration 25. All emphasis will be mine. Define our piety by teaching the knowledge of: One God, unbegotten, the Father; and One begotten Lord, his Son, referred to as โ€œGodโ€ when he is mentioned separately, but โ€œLordโ€ when he is named together with the Fatherโ€”the first on account of the [divine]…

  • What a rich and important topic. St. Irenaeus of Lyons stands as one of the most powerful early witnesses to the primacy of Rome, and his testimony deserves to be understood in full โ€” both its weight and its context. ๐Ÿ›๏ธ St. Irenaeus of Lyons on the Papacy Who Was Irenaeus? St. Irenaeus (c. 130โ€“202…

  • Free Grace Theology (FGT) โ€” associated with figures like Zane Hodges and the Grace Evangelical Society claims to honor the Bible, but when held up to the full light of Scripture and Sacred Tradition, it falls short in several serious ways, and weโ€™re going to prove it how it contradicts the Bible also! What Free…

  • This excerpt is taken from St. Athanasius who claims that the language adopted by Nicaea to describe the Sonโ€™s essential equality with the Father isnโ€™t new but quite ancient, going back to at least 130 years earlier. Athanasius exposed the Arian heretics by appealing to an unbroken chain of Apostolic succession of Bishops to prove…

  • David Kimchi, also known as RaDaK, was a medieval rabbinic commentator and philosopher who lived from 1160โ€“1235 AD. In this post I will quote from his commentary in regards to a few OT texts that are either Messianic or have a direct bearing on Christian exegesis of OT verses, such as Psalm 2:12. Radak on…

  • I share the following article on St. Maximus the Confessor from CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Maximus of Constantinople. St. Maximus of Constantinople Known as the Theologian and as Maximus Confessor, born at Constantinople about 580; died in exile 13 August, 662. He is one of the chief names in the Monothelite controversy one of the chief doctors of the theology of the Incarnation and of ascetic mysticism, and…

  • In this post I will be quoting from Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture: The Gospel of John, by Francis Martin and William M. Wright IV, published by BakerAcademic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, Grand Rapids, Michigan, and published in 2015. All emphasis will be mine. Authorship The Gospel does not explicitly name its author,…

  • Another Arian Bites the Dust According to Johnโ€™s Gospel, the prophet Isaiah saw Jesus Christ in his prehuman existence as YHWH of Hosts seated on his heavenly throne: โ€œJesus replied, โ€˜The light is with you for a little while longer. Walk while you have the light, so that the darkness may not overtake you. The one who…

  • The land of Illyricum

  • In this post I will be looking at two OT texts, which the early Christians saw as foreshadowing Christโ€™s crucifixion. These early writers employed these particular verses as prophesying or prefiguring Christโ€™s death on a cross. First Prophecy I begin with the following reference from the Jeremiah: โ€œand I am as a lamb or a…

  • In this article I will quote the relevant verses from both the Old and New Testaments where Israel is either said to be Sodom and Gomorrah, or even worse than them. I will further show how God also warns that Israelโ€™s punishment will be much more severe and worse than that which he inflicted upon…

  • In this post I will be looking at two OT texts, which the early Christians saw as foreshadowing Christโ€™s crucifixion. These early writers employed these particular verses as prophesying or prefiguring Christโ€™s death on a cross.     First Prophecy   I begin with the following reference from the Jeremiah:   โ€œand I am as…

  • I share some of the many statements from St. John Chrysostom, one of the greatest saints biblical exegetes of the Church, affirming the primacy of Peter. These citations attest that Chrysostom held to Peter being the Rock and Leaders of the universal Church, having been given a preeminence over the rest of the holy Apostles…

  • Muslim apologist Sami Zaatari has jumped on the so-called โ€œChristianโ€ unitarian bandwagon by rehashing the same old worn out arguments and objections of these heretics against the true historic Christian faith which is based on the accurate interpretation of the Holy Bible. In one of his articles, Zaatari appeals to the unitarian interpretation of Psalm…

  • Examining Psalm 110:1 A look at Its Implications on God being a Multi-Personal Being and upon the Deity of Christ Christians often appeal to Psalm 110:1 to prove that the Hebrew Bible teaches that Yahweh is multi-Personal, that there is more than one Person who is Yahweh God, and that the Messiah is God. The…

  • In this post I quote the commentary of Mar Ishodad of Merv (Mari Ishoสฟdaแธ Maruzaya), who was the bishop of Hdatta (circa 850 AD), which is near current-day Mosul, Iraq. Ishodad is considered a very important and prominent theologian of the Assyrian Church of the East, who wrote some very influential commentaries on the Syriac version of the Holy…

  • The Relationship between God the Father, Son and Holy Spirit Now, having established that there is only ONE God but also that there are three persons who are shown to be this one God, we are faced with the question of how these three persons are ‘related’.  There have been different ‘models’ and ideas for…

  • Does the Bible Say, That the Holy Spirit Is God?  Before we look at the interrelationship of God, the Father, God, the Son, and God, the Holy Spirit, we have to quickly establish that the Holy Spirit is God. I think, if you could follow and accept the reasoning in the earlier parts, there should…

  • This lengthy extract from St. Optatus is taken from Optatus of Milevis, Against the Donatists (1917) Book 2. pp. 57-119. His statements affirm that the Roman Church is the See of Peter, and the grounds of unity which makes the Church one and universal. He further argues that to deviate or break communion from it is to…

  • The argument is: Arguments against Dyophysites: Premise 1) Ens and unum are strictly convertible; whatever is, is one, and whatever is one, is. Unity adds nothing positive to being, but is the privation of internal division Premise 2) Numerical unity is that mode of unity which is both undivided in itself and divided from every…

  • Godโ€™s Glory equated with His Praise and Honor Another indication that Jesus shares in the glory of God is that he receives the very honor and praise which only God is supposed to receive. According to the book of Isaiah, Yahweh says that he will not share his glory and praise with any other so-called…

  • It may surprise Christians to discover that Martin Luther candidly admitted that the Catholic Church traces itself back to the Apostles, that it genuinely has Apostolic Succession, despite having (in Lutherโ€™s erroneous view) corrupted itself throughout time. Here is Luther in his own words: Today the pope and his crowd cry out against us that…

  • The following quote is taken from Josephusโ€™ The War of the Jews 5:5, translated by William Whiston. He states that the Divine Name consists of 4 vowels. All emphasis is mine. ื–. ื•ื‘ื ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืช ื”ื›ื”ึปื ื”, ืืฉืจ ืœื ื™ื›ืœื• ืœืฉึธืืจึตืช ื‘ืงึนื“ืฉ ืžืคื ื™ ืžื•ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ื‘ืฉืจื, ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ืงืœืขื™ื ืขื ืื—ื™ื”ื ื”ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืžืงื‘ืœื™ื ืืช ื—ืœืงื™ ื”ื–ื‘ื—ื™ื…

  • In this post I will be quoting from two English translations of the Syriac translation of the Holy Bible, which is called the Peshitta. I cite this particular ancient version for the express purpose of showing that the Aramaic term for God, namely Alah/Alaha, is used for both the Father and the Son. I will also use…

  • The Aramaic Bible, commonly referred to as the Peshitta, employs a unique word MarYah, which some authorities believe is a compound phrase consisting of Aramaic Mar (โ€œLordโ€) and the shortened form of the Tetragrammaton or the divine name yod-heh-vav-heh, namely, Yah. If this is so then the term literally means “The Lord Yah,” or “The Lord Jehovah.”  What makes this all the…

  • The Views of Scholars and Apologists It probably wouldnโ€™t be an exaggeration to say that the consensus of NT scholarship agrees that according to John 12:41, the inspired Evangelist believed that Isaiah actually saw the prehuman Christ in Isaiah 6 when the prophet beheld Yahwehโ€™s glory in a vision. Here are some of the comments which affirm…

  • I am going to revisit the Apostle Johnโ€™s claim that Isaiah beheld the visible glory of Christ when the Lord Jesus appeared to the prophet in his prehuman existence as Jehovah of Hosts seated on the throne. I am referring to the following text from the inspired Evangelist:  โ€œโ€˜Believe in the light while you have…

  • Every time anyone goes against Christianity shoot themselves on the foot. It started from the cross.

  • The late Dr. Gleason L. Archer addressed the issue of Ahaziahโ€™s reign and age, since 2 Kings. 8:26 states he was 22 whereas 2 Chronicles 22:2 states he was 42. When did Ahaziah ben Jehoram become king? 2 Kings 8:25 says that Ahaziah son of Jehoram of Judah became king in the twelfth year of…

  • In this article I will reference statements from some of the greatest theologians, apologists, scholars, bishops and/or sons to show that the unanimous belief of the universal Church was that Peter was the chief and head of all the holy and blessed Apostles. Epistle of Clement to James Epistle of Clement to James Chapter I.-Peterโ€™s…

  • The following citation is taken from William Coleโ€™s article, โ€œWas Luther a Devotee of Mary?,โ€ found in Marian Studies, Volume XXI, 1970, p. 131: In a Christmas sermon of 1531, Luther speaks of Mary as the โ€œHIGHEST WOMAN AND THE NOBLEST GEM in Christianity after Christ.โ€ He goes on to claim that โ€œshe is nobility,…

  • AD 100-700: Beginning to the end of the Patristic era The Protoevangelium of James And Anna made a song to the Lord God, saying: I will sing a song to the Lord my God, for He has looked upon me, and has taken away the reproach of mine enemies; and the Lord has given the…

  • The Greek Fathers Here are a number of ancient experts and what they say it means; each of them is a Greek-speaker from a culture basically identical to that of St. Luke; there are a couple repeats from the previous thread, but from them I give new material, too; the passages are expositions by the…

  • A BIBLICAL CASE FOR MARIAN VENERATION According to the Hebrew Bible, the mother of the Israelite king was given the status of queen mother. In other words, the [O]ld [T]estament shows that it wasnโ€™t the wife of the king that was the queen but rather his mother: โ€œAlso he removed Maachah his grandmother from being queen mother, because…

  • The Holy Bible depicts our Lordโ€™s blessed mother as typifying or personifying the nation of Israel by taking language, which is reminiscent to the way the Hebrew Scriptures portray Godโ€™s people, and ascribing it to her. For instance, the nation is collectively addressed as the virgin daughter of Zion or the virgin daughter of Judah:…

  • https://www.newadvent.org/summa/1055.htm St. Thomas Aquinas, the Angelic Doctor, devoted extraordinary care to this subject in the Summa Theologiae (Prima Pars, Questions 54โ€“58), and his conclusions remain the touchstone of Catholic thought on the matter. Here is a thorough and ordered exposition: ๐Ÿ•Š๏ธ Angelic Knowledge: A Deep Dive I. Angels Are Pure Intellect As purely spiritual beings,…

  • The following is taken from this post: Prayers to Saints in the Pre-Nicene Era โ€“ Energetic Procession. It is commonly claimed that the practice of praying to departed saints and to angels is a late development in Christianity, probably post-dating the Council of Nicea. In this post, I will try to argue that prayers to departed…

  • The citations presented here document the widespread belief in the prayers/intercessions of angels and saints for believers on earth. All emphasis will be mine. Shepherd of Hermas (AD 89-145) Chapter 4 I prayed him much that he would explain to me the similitude of the field, and of the master of the vineyard, and of the…

  • Enoch contains a fascinating depiction of the souls of human who were slaughtered, by the instigation of the rebellious angels that taught mankind to make weapons to kill, crying out to the angels of heaven to bring their petitions to God that he might avenge them: [Chapter 8] 1 And Azazel taught men to make swords,…

  • By James Divine. September 4th, 2024 (https://substack.com/inbox/post/148703931?r=4ca6ix&triedRedirect=true). Foreword During the time I wrote this article, a gentleman, a scholar, an author and wordsmith; Dr. James Likoudis passed away. Perhaps asleep is he to us, but in soul; with Our Lord. May this Catholic champion rest in peace. Condolences to his family and friends who survive…

  • The quotes are courtesy of Divine Mercy Apologetics. They prove that St. Gregory Palamasโ€™ position on Muslims is in perfect agreement woth the Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church #841: โ€œThe Churchโ€™s relationship with the Muslims. โ€œThe plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place amongst whom are…

  • St. Gregory mentions a dialogue he had with a group of Turkish Muslims. What makes his comments rather amazing is that he affirms that both the Muslims and himself are calling upon one and the same God, even though these Turks are ignorant of the fact that this God whom they worship is inseparable from…

  • In this post I will be citing extracts from the letters sent by Pope Agatho during the third Council of Constantinople (680-681 AD), which was convened to settle the matter of there being two wills in Christ our Lord.   Pope Agatho not only speaks of Peterโ€™s primacy as the prince of the Apostles, he…

  • SEVENTEEN times the Gospel of John mentions the “hour” of Jesus. In the first half of the book, the “hour” is a highly anticipated moment in the ministry of Jesus that constantly grabs the attention of the reader and drives the narrative forward (Jn 2:4; 4:21; 5:25; 7:30, 8:20). In the second half of the…

  • I post here the commentary of the blessed St. Cyril of Alexandria on John 14:28 where he plainly states that the Father was greater than the Son only because of the Sonโ€™s Incarnation and descent to the earth to humble himself by becoming a slave. The saint refutes those heretics who used this verse to…

  • The quotations from St. Augustine are taken from On the Trinity, Book 1. Augustine will cite texts such as 1 John 5:20, where Jesus is called the true God and eternal life, to prove that Christ is one divine Person who operates in/by/through two natures since he is the God-Man. He will explain that Jesus, by virtue of…

  • In this post I will be quoting snippets from John the Damasceneโ€™s monumental tome titled, Exposition of the Faith, in regards to his articulation of the Trinity, the Sonโ€™s eternal generation, and two natures of Christ. As the readers will readily discern, Johnโ€™s insights, depth of knowledge, and mastery of the Holy Scriptures are simply remarkable,…

  • Some anti-Trinitarians and/or subordinationists like to use St. Irenaeusโ€™ statements in his refutation to the Gnostics where he states that not even the Son knew the hour to prove that this holy bishop did not affirm the Trinity. They argue that his words show that he was at the very least a subordinationist who did…

  • The quotations from St. Augustine are taken from On the Trinity, Book 1. The beloved saint will show that the words of our Lord Jesus in Mark 13:32 do not imply that the Son was ignorant of the Day or Hour, but that he chose to veil that knowledge for the express purpose of not making it…

  • This post is a continuation of my previous one from blessed St. Hilary of Poitierโ€™s work On the Trinity, Book VII: Hilary: God is the Trinity. Here I provide more quotes from that same section showing how this holy saint confirmed that the phrase โ€œone Godโ€ does not refer to or mean the Father, As the citations will prove,…

  • Here I cite from St. Hilary of Poitierโ€™s work On the Trinity, Book VII, where this holy saint affirms that the term God refers the divine Persons who share the same name and nature. All emphasis will be mine. 31. We see how the living Son of the living Father, He Who is God from God,…

  • In this post I will be quoting from the works of another early church father, namely Hilary of Poitiers, in respect to his Trinitarian beliefs. The citations will show that Hilary affirmed that the Son was timelessly begotten, and therefore not a creature, since the Son has been eternally God with the Father. The quotations…

  • In this somewhat lengthy post, I quote the words of another great saint, Hilary of Poitiers, from his writing On the Holy Trinity, Book IV.   This holy saint not only argued that Jesus is that very divine Angel that appeared throughout the OT, he also quoted texts such as Genesis 1, Psalms 45:6-7, Isaiah 45:11-14, Hosea…

  • The excerpts cited here are all taken from Ambrosiasterโ€™s Commentary on the Pauline Epistles: Romans, Translated with Notes, by Theodore S. de Bruyn, with an Introduction by Theodore S. de Bruyn, Stephen A. Cooper, & David G. Hunter. It was published by SBL Press in 2017. All emphasis will be mine.   5.1. The Context…

  • The quotations from St. Augustine are taken from On the Trinity, Book 1. The blessed saint will cite texts such as 1 Timothy 6:13-16 and apply that to the Trinity. In so doing, he identifies the only God of the passage as the Trinity. Augustine also applies 1 John 5:20 to the Son, which describes Christ as…

  • In this post I will quote from a few fathers and saints of the Church whom all believed that the reason the Son honored the Father as his God is because of the Incarnation, as a result of the eternal Word becoming flesh and taking on a human nature. Hippolytus 60. To grasp this divine mystery we…

  • The following post is taken from Catholic Answers: https://www.catholic.com/magazine/print-edition/defending-the-filioque. Tim Staples Filioque is Latin for โ€œand the Sonโ€ and refers to the part of the Nicene Creed wherein Christians declare the Holy Spirit โ€œproceeds from the Father and the Son.โ€ The Orthodoxโ€”along with Eastern Catholic Churchesโ€”do not recite this part of the Creed. More important for our purpose,…

  • The following post is taken from Catholic Answers: https://www.catholic.com/tract/filioque. The Western Church commonly uses a version of the Nicene creed which has the Latin word filioque (โ€œand the Sonโ€) added after the declaration that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father. Scripture reveals that the Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son. The external relationships of the…

  • Saint Augustine of Hippo on Filioque

Isaiah 42 in Rabbinic Tradition

In this post I will list some of the many rabbinic sources which describe the Servant of Isaiah 42 as the King Messiah and/or apply it to the time of Messiahโ€™s coming. All emphasis will be mine.

ื”ึธื ืขึทื‘ึฐื“ึดื™ ืžึฐืฉึดืื™ื—ึธื ืึถืงึฐืจึฐื‘ึดื™ื ึตื”ึผ ื‘ึฐึผื—ึดื™ืจึดื™ ื“ึฐืึดืชึฐืจึฐืขึตื™ ื‘ึตึผื™ื”ึผ ืžึตื™ืžึฐืจึดื™ ืึถืชึตึผืŸ ืจื•ึผื—ึธื ื“ึฐืงื•ึผื“ึฐืฉึดืื™ ืขึฒืœื•ึนื”ึดื™ ื“ึดื™ื ึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐืขึทืžึฐืžึดื™ืŸ ื™ึฐื’ึทืœึตื™:  

Behold, my servant, the Messiah, whom I bring, my chosen in whom one delights: as for my Word, I will put my Holy Spirit upon him; he shall reveal my judgment unto the nations. (Targum Jonathan on Isaiah 42:1)

ื”ืŸ ืขื‘ื“ื™. ื–ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื›ืžื• ืฉืคื™ืจืฉื ื•:

Behold My servant; this is the King Messiah, as we have explained. (Radak on Isaiah 42:1)

Pesikta Rabbati 36:1 

ืคืกื™ืงืชื ืจื‘ืชื™ ืœืดื•:ืืณ

ืงื•ืžื™ ืื•ืจื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืื•ืจืš ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”’ ืขืœื™ืš ื–ืจื— [ื›ื™ ื”ื ื” ื”ื—ืฉืš ื™ื›ืกื” ืืจืฅ ื•ืขืจืคืœ ืœืืžื™ื ื•ืขืœื™ืš ื™ื–ืจื— ื”’ ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืขืœื™ืš ื™ืจืื”] (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืก ื’ ื•ื‘’): ื–ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืข”ื™ ื“ื•ื“ ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›ื™ ืขืžืš ืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจืš ื ืจืื” ืื•ืจ (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืœ”ื• ื™’) ื›ื ื’ื“ ืžื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื“ื•ื“ ืœืžืงืจื ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืืžืจื• ืืœื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืžืจื• ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืชื•ืจื” ืฉื ืชืช ืœื™ ืฉื ืงืจืืช ืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ืื ื™ ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืชืขื ื’ ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืœืขืชื™ื“ ืœื‘ื ืžื”ื• ื‘ืื•ืจืš ื ืจืื” ืื•ืจ ืื™ื–ื” ืื•ืจ ืฉื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืฆืคื” ื–ื” ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื™ืจื ืืœืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื’ ื“’) ืžืœืžื“ ืฉืฆืคื” ื”ืงื‘”ื” ื‘ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ื‘ืžืขืฉื™ื• ืงื•ื“ื ืฉื ื‘ืจื ื”ืขื•ืœื (ื•ื’ื) [ื•ื’ื ื–ื•] ืœืžืฉื™ื—ื• ืœื“ื•ืจื• ืชื—ืช ื›ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœื• ืืžืจ ื”ืฉื˜ืŸ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื [ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืื•ืจ ืฉื ื’ื ื– ืชื—ืช ื›ืกื ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœืš ืœืžื™ ื”ืœ ืœืžื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจืš ื•ืœื”ื›ืœื™ืžืš ื‘ื‘ื•ืฉืช ืคื ื™ื ื”ืœ] ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื”ืจืื”ื• ืœื™ ืืžืจ ืœื• ื‘ื ื•ืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ื•ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืจืื” ืื•ืชื• ื ื–ื“ืขื–ืข ื•ื ืคืœ ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื• ื•ืืžืจ ื‘ื•ื“ืื™ ื–ื”ื• ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ืคื™ืœ ืœื™ ื•ืœื›ืœ ืฉืจื™ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื’ื™ื”ื ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื‘ืœืข ื”ืžื•ืช ืœื ืฆื— ื•ืžื—ื” ื”’ ืืœืงื™ื ื“ืžืขื” ืžืขืœ ื›ืœ ืคื ื™ื (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื›”ื” ื—’) [ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื• ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช] ืืžืจื• ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืžื” ืฉืžื• ืžื” ื˜ื™ื‘ื• ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื [ื”ื•ื] ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืฉืžื• ืืคืจื™ื ืžืฉื™ื— ืฆื“ืงื™ (ืžื’ื‘ื™ื”) [ื•ืžื’ื‘ื™ื”] ืงื•ืžืชื• ื•ืงื•ืžืช ื“ื•ืจื• ื•ืžืื™ืจ ืขื™ื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืžื•ืฉื™ืข ืขืžื• ื•ืื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืื•ืžื” ื•ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ [ื‘ื•] ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœื ื™ืฉื™ื ืื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ื• ื•ื‘ืŸ ืขื•ืœื” ืœื ื™ืขื ื ื• (ืชื”ืœื™ื ืค”ื˜ ื›”ื’) ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื• ื•ืฆืจื™ื• ืžืชื‘ืจื—ื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื›ืชื•ืชื™ ืžืคื ื™ื• ืฆืจื™ื• (ืฉื ืฉื ื›”ื“) ื•ืืฃ ื ื”ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืกืงื™ื (ื‘ื™ืžื”) [ื‘ื™ื] ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ืฉืžืชื™ ื‘ื™ื ื™ื“ื• ื•ื‘ื ื”ืจื•ืช ื™ืžื™ื ื• (ืฉื ืฉื ื›”ื•) ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืžืชื ื” ืขืžื• ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื”ืœืœื• ืฉื’ื ื•ื–ื™ื ื”ื ืืฆืœืš ืขื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื ืœื”ื›ื ื™ืกืš ื‘ืขื•ืœ ื‘ืจื–ืœ ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชืš (ื›ืขื•ืœ) [ื›ืขื’ืœ] ื”ื–ื” ืฉื›ื”ื• ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื•ืžืฉื ืงื™ื ืืช ืจื•ื—ืš ื‘ืขื•ืœ ื•ื‘ืขื•ื ื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืื™ืœื• ืขืชื™ื“ ืœืฉื•ื ืš ืœื™ื“ื‘ืง ื‘ื—ื™ื›ืš ืจืฆื•ื ืš ื‘ื›ืš ืืžืจ ืžืฉื™ื— ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื ืื•ืชื• ืฆืขืจ ืฉื ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ื ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื—ื™ื™ืš ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืจืืฉื™ ืฉื‘ื•ืข (ืืช) [ืื—ืช] ืฉื’ื–ืจืชื™ ืขืœื™ืš ืื ื ืคืฉืš ืขืฆื™ื‘ื” ืื ื™ ื˜ื•ืจื“ืŸ ืžืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœืžื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ืœืช ื ืคืฉื™ ื•ื‘ืฉืžื—ืช ืœื‘ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืœื ื™ืื‘ื“ ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ (ื™ื•ืฉื™ืข) [ื™ื•ืฉืขื•] ื‘ื™ืžื™ [ืืœื ืืฃ ืื•ืชื ืฉื’ื ื•ื–ื™ื ื‘ืขืคืจ ื•ืœื ืžืชื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื™ื•ืฉืขื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืืœื ืืฃ ืื•ืชื ืžืชื™ื ืฉืžืชื• ืžื™ืžื•ืช ืื“ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื•] ื•ืœื ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืืœื ืืฃ ื ืคืœื™ื [ื™ื•ืฉืขื• ื‘ื™ืžื™] ื•ืœื ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื™ื•ืฉืขื• ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืืœื (ืœืžื™) [ื›ืœ ืžื™] ืฉืขืœืชื” ืขืœ ื“ืขืชืš ืœื”ื‘ืจืื•ืช ื•ืœื ื ื‘ืจืื• (ื‘ื”ื) ื‘ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื›ืš ืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœ ืขืœื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉืขื” ืžื•ื ื” ืœื• ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืืจื‘ืข ื—ื™ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฉืื•ืช ืืช ื›ืกืื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื” ืืžืจื• ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื• ื•ืฉืจื™ ื”ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืื• ื•ื ืฉื˜ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื“ื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉืœื ื™ื‘ืจืื• ืœืขื•ืœื ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืกื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืžื•ื“ ื•ื ืื” ื•ืื ื™ ืฉืžื— ื‘ื• ื•ืื ื™ ื—ืคืฅ ื‘ื• ื•ืื ื™ (ืืชืžื ืš) [ืืชืžื•ืš] ื‘ื• ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ื‘ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื”ืŸ ืขื‘ื“ื™ ืืชืžื•ืš ื‘ื• [ื‘ื—ื™ืจื™ ืจืฆืชื” ื ืคืฉื™ ื ืชืชื™ ืจื•ื— ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื’ื•’] (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืž”ื‘ ื’) ื•ื”ื™ืืš ืืชื ืžืฉื˜ื™ื ื™ื ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจื™ื ื™ ืžืื‘ื“ ืืช ื›ื•ืœื›ื ืงื“ื—ื™ ืืฉ ืžืื•ืจื™ ื–ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ื ืฉืžื” ืื—ืช ืื™ืŸ [ืื ื™] ืžืื‘ื“ ืœื›ืš ื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ืขืžืš ืžืงื•ืจ ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืจืš ื ืจืื” ืื•ืจ: [ืืžืจื•] ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืฉื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื ื‘ื” ืžื‘ื™ืื™ื ืงื•ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื–ืœ ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืœื• ืขืœ ืฆื•ืืจื• ืขื“ ืฉื ื›ืคืคื” ืงื•ืžืชื• (ื•ื”ื™ื”) [ื•ื”ื•ื] ืฆื•ืขืง ื•ื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ืขื•ืœื” ืงื•ืœื• ืœืžืจื•ื ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ื›ืžื” ื™ื”ื ื›ื•ื—ื™ ื•ื›ืžื” ื™ื”ื ืจื•ื—ื™ ื•ื›ืžื” ื™ื”ื ื ืฉืžืชื™ ื•ื›ืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื™ื‘ืจื™ื™ ืœื ื‘ืฉืจ ื•ื“ื ืื ื™ ืขืœ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื” ื”ื™ื” ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื•ื›ื” ื•ืื•ืžืจ ื™ื‘ืฉ ื›ื—ืจืก ื›ื—ื™ [ื•ื’ื•’] (ืชื”ืœื™ื ื›”ื‘ ื˜”ื–) ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื” ืืžืจ ืœื• ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืืคืจื™ื ืžืฉื™ื— ืฆื“ืงื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืงื™ื‘ืœืช ืขืœื™ืš ืžืฉืฉืช ื™ืžื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื™ื”ื ืฆืขืจ ืฉืœืš ื›ืฆืขืจ ืฉืœื™ ืฉืžื™ื•ื ืฉืขืœื” ื ื‘ื•ื›ื“ื ืฆืจ ื”ืจืฉืข ื•ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื‘ื™ืชื™ ื•ืฉืจืฃ ืืช ื”ื™ื›ืœื™ ื•ื”ื’ืœื” ืืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื—ื™ื™ืš ื•ื—ื™ื™ ืจืืฉื™ ืฉืœื (ื”ื›ื ืกืชื™) [ื ื›ื ืกืชื™] ืœื›ืกื ืฉืœื™ ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืืชื” ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืจืื” ื˜ืœ ืฉืขืœื” ืขืœ ืจืืฉื™ ืฉื ืืžืจ ืฉืจืืฉื™ ื ืžืœื ื˜ืœ ืงื•ืฆื•ืชื™ ืจืกื™ืกื™ ืœื™ืœื” (ืฉื””ืฉ ื”’ ื‘’) ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื” ืืžืจ ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื ืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื” ื“ืขืชื™ ื“ื™ื• ืœืขื‘ื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ื›ืจื‘ื•. ื”ืจ ืœื•ื™ ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืืžืจ ื”ืงื‘”ื” ืœื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืงื•ืžื™ ืื•ืจื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืื•ืจืš ืืžืจื” ืœืคื ื™ื• ืจื‘ื•ื ื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ืœื (ืขืชื™ื“) [ืขืžื•ื“] ืืชื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ื ื• ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื” ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ืœื” ื‘ืชื™ (ื™ืคืชื™) [ื™ืคื”] ืืช ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืขื ื” ื“ื•ื“ื™ ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืงื•ืžื™ ืœืš ืจืขื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืคืชื™ ื•ืœื›ื™ ืœืš) [ืžืฉื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ืžืื ืงืช ืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืชื” ืืงื•ื ื™ืืžืจ ื”’ ื•ื’ื•’] (ืชื”ืœื™ื ื™”ื‘ ื•’). ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ ืœืžื” ื“ื•ืžื” ื›ื ืกืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื–ื” (ืœื—ื™ื’ื•ืจ) [ืœื—ื™ื’ืจ] ืฉืื™ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื™ืœืš ื•ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžื—ืจืคื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืืœืงื™ืš ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืœืžื” ืœื ื™ืฆื™ืœืš ืืžืจื” (ืœื•) [ืœื”ื] ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ืžืœื›ื™ (ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช) [ืœื”ื™ื’ืœื•ืช] ืขืœื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืงื ื™ ื•ืžืขืžื™ื“ื ื™ ืขืœ ืจื’ืœื™ื™ ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืžืฉื•ื“ ืขื ื™ื™ื ืžืื ืงืช ืื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื ืขืชื” ืืงื•ื ื™ืืžืจ ื”’ ืืฉื™ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืข ื™ืคื™ื— ืœื•) [ืขื ื” ื“ื•ื“ื™ ื•ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืงื•ืžื™ ืœืš ืจืขื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ืคืชื™ ื•ืœื›ื™ ืœืš] (ืฉื””ืฉ ื‘’ ื™’). ืืžืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฆื—ืง ืฉื ื” ืฉืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื ื’ืœื” ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ืžืœื›ื™ ื”ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืชื’ืจื™ื ื–ื” ื‘ื–ื” ืžืœืš ืคืจืก ืžืชื’ืจื” ื‘ืžืœืš ืขืจื‘ื™ื ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืžืœืš ืขืจื‘ื™ื ืœืื“ื•ื ืœื™ื˜ื•ืœ ืขืฆื” ืžื”ื (ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ) [ื•ื—ื•ื–ืจ] ืžืœืš ืคืจืก (ื•ื”ื—ืจื™ื‘) [ื•ืžื—ืจื™ื‘] ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื›ื•ืœื• ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืžืชืจืขืฉื™ื ื•ืžืชื‘ื”ืœื™ื ื•ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ื™ืื—ื•ื– ืื•ืชื ืฆื™ืจื™ื ื›ืฆื™ืจื™ ื™ื•ืœื“ื” ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืชืจืขืฉื™ื ื•ืžืชื‘ื”ืœื™ื ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ืœืš ื•ืœื”ื™ื›ืŸ ื ื‘ื•ื ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ื‘ื ื™ื™ ืืœ ืชืชื™ื™ืจืื• [ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืœื ืขืฉื™ืชื™ ืืœื ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื ืžืคื ื™ ืžื” ืืชื ืžืชื™ื™ืจืื™ื ืืœ ืชื™ืจืื•] ื”ื’ื™ืข (ื™ืžื™) [ื–ืžืŸ] ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื ื•ืœื ื›ื’ืื•ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื›ืš ื’ืื•ืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ื›ื™ ื’ืื•ืœื” ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืฆืขืจ ื•ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช (ืื—ืจื™ื) [ืื—ืจื™ื”] ืื‘ืœ ื’ืื•ืœื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืื™ืŸ ืœื›ื ืฆืขืจ ื•ืฉื™ืขื‘ื•ื“ ืžืœื›ื™ื•ืช (ืื—ืจื™ื) [ืื—ืจื™ื”]: ืฉื ื• ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืขื” ืฉืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื ื’ืœื” ื‘ื ื•ืขื•ืžื“ ืขืœ ื”ื’ื’ ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืงื“ืฉ (ื•ื”ื™ื”) [ื•ื”ื•ื] ืžืฉืžื™ืข ืœื”ื ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืœื”ื ืขื ื•ื™ื ื”ื’ื™ืข ื–ืžืŸ ื’ืื•ืœืชื›ื ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืืชื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ืจืื• (ื‘ืื•ืจื•) [ื‘ืื•ืจื™] ืฉื–ืจื— ืขืœื™ื›ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ืงื•ืžื™ ืื•ืจื™ ื›ื™ ื‘ื ืื•ืจืš ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ ื”’ ืขืœื™ืš ื–ืจื— ื•ืขืœื™ื›ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื–ืจื— ื•ืœื ืขืœ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื›ื™ ื”ื ื” ื”ื—ืฉืš ื™ื›ืกื” ืืจืฅ ื•ืขืจืคืœ ืœืื•ืžื™ื ื•ืขืœื™ืš ื™ื–ืจื— ื”’ ื•ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื• ืขืœื™ืš ื™ืจืื” ื‘ืื•ืชื” ื”ืฉืขื” ืžื‘ื”ื™ืง ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื—ื•ืฉืš ื•ืืคื™ืœื” ื•ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ืœืื•ืจื• ืฉืœ ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ืœื›ื• ื’ื•ื™ื ืœืื•ืจืš ืžืœื›ื™ื ืœื ื’ื” ื–ืจื—ืš (ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ืก’ ื’’) ื•ื‘ืื™ื ื•ืžืœื—ื›ื™ื ืขืคืจ ืžืชื—ืช ืจื’ืœื™ื• ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ื”ืžืฉื™ื— ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื•ืื™ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ื• ื™ื—ืœื• ื•ืขืคืจ ืจื’ืœื™ื• ื™ืœื—ื›ื•) [ื•ืขืคืจ ืจื’ืœื™ืš ื™ืœื—ื›ื•] (ืฉื ืž”ื˜ ื›”ื’) ื•ื‘ืื™ื ื›ื•ืœื ื•ื ื•ืคืœื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื”ื ืœืคื ื™ ืžืฉื™ื— ื•ืœืคื ื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื”ื ื ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ื•ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ื“ ืžื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื• ืฉื ื™ ืืœืคื™ื ื•ืฉืžื•ื ื” ืžืื•ืช ืขื‘ื“ื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ืืฉืจ ื™ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ืขืฉืจื” ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื›ืœ ื”ืœืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื–ื™ืงื• ื‘ื›ื ืฃ ืื™ืฉ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ ืœืืžืจ ื ืœื›ื” ืขืžื›ื ื›ื™ ืฉืžืขื ื• ืืœืงื™ื ืขืžื›ื (ื–ื›ืจื™ื” ื—’ ื›”ื’):  

Arise, my light, for your light has come, and the glory of the Lord has risen upon you [For behold, darkness will cover the earth, and thick darkness will cover the nations, and the Lord will rise upon you, and His glory will be seen upon you] (Isaiah 60:1-2): This is what was said by the Holy Spirit through David, king of Israel, for your people are a fountain of life. In your light, light will be seen (Psalms 36:10). Against whom does David say this verse? They did not say it, but against the assembly of Israel. They said before the Holy One, blessed be He, the Lord of the world, because of the Torah that you gave me, which is called the fountain of life, I will delight in your light in the future to come. What is it in your light that light will be seen? What light is it that the assembly of Israel expects? This is the light of the Messiah, as it is said, And God saw the light, that it was good (Genesis 1:4). This teaches that the Holy One, blessed be He, anticipated the Messiah and his works before the creation of the world (and also) [and] reserved it for his anointed for his generation under the throne of his glory.

Satan said before the Holy One, blessed be He, [Lord of the world, the light that was reserved under the throne of your glory, to whom is God, to whom is he to return you and to disgrace you with shame. [God] The Lord of the world, show him to me, he said to him, “Come and see him.” And when he saw him, he was shocked and fell on his face and said, “Surely this is the Messiah who is destined to cast me and all the rulers of the nations of the world into hell, as it is said, “And he will swallow up death forever, and the Lord God will wipe away tears from all faces” (Isaiah 25:8). [At that time the nations were moved.] They said before him, “The Lord of the world, who is this that we fall into his hand? What is his name? What is his nature?” The Holy One, blessed be He, said to them, “He is the Messiah, and his name is Ephraim, the Messiah of righteousness (from the height of the heavens).” His stature and the stature of his generation, and the light of the eyes of Israel and the Savior of his people, and no nation or tongue can withstand him,” as it is said, “No enemy will triumph over him, and the son of a foreigner will not answer him.” (Psalms 59:23) And all his enemies and his adversaries flee, as it is said, “And I will crush his adversaries before him” (Ibid. 24), and even the rivers of the sea, as it is said, “And I will set his hand in the sea and in the rivers of our right hand” (Ibid. 25:8). 26)

The Blessed One began a gift with him and said, “These are the ones whose sins are hidden with you. They will put you in a yoke of iron and make you like this calf whose eyes are closed and who strangle your spirit with a yoke. And with the sins of these ones, your tongue will stick to your jaws. Your desire for this is that the Messiah said before the Holy One, Blessed be He, that perhaps that sorrow will last for many years. The Holy One, Blessed be He, said to him, “Your life and the life of the first week (you) [one] that I have decreed for you. If your soul is sad, I will trouble you from now on. The Lord of the worlds said before him, “In the joy of my soul and in the joy of my heart, I accept it upon me, so that not one of Israel will perish, nor will the living alone (be saved) [saved] in my days [but also those who are hidden in the dust, and not only the dead will be saved in my days, but also those who have died from the days of Adam until now], and not only those who have fallen, and not only those who have died in my days, but (for) [all] that you have thought of creating, and they were not created (in them).” In this I want in this I accept upon me. 

At that time, the Blessed One appointed four living creatures to bear the throne of the glory of the Messiah. At that time, his enemies and the princes of the kingdoms said, Come, let us argue about the generation of the Messiah that will never be created The Blessed One said to them, How do you argue about that generation that is lovely and beautiful and I am happy in it and I desire it and I will support it and I want it as it is said, “Behold, my servant, I will support him [my chosen one, whom my soul desires, I have put my spirit upon him, etc.]” (Isaiah 42:1)? And how do you argue about him? I will destroy you all, fiery furnaces from the lights of kinship and not one soul will I lose. For this it is said that with you is a source of life in the light of which light is seen: [They said] A week that the son of David came, in which they brought iron beams and put them on his neck until his stature was bowed down (and it was) [and he] cried and wept and his voice ascended to heaven. He said before him, “The Lord of the universe, how much is my power and how much is my spirit and how much is my soul, how much will be my life?” My limbs are not flesh and blood. I am at that time David was weeping and saying, “My strength is as dry as clay” (Psalms 22:16). At that time, the Holy One, blessed be He, said to him, “Ephraim, the Messiah of my righteousness, you have already received upon you from the six days of the beginning. Now let your sorrow be like my sorrow, from the day that the wicked Nebuchadnezzar came up and destroyed my house and burned my temple and exiled my children among the nations of the world. Your life and the life of my head that I have not entered into my throne. And if you do not believe, see the dew that has come upon my head, as it is said, “My head is filled with dew, my extremities with the drops of the night” (Shahs 5:2). At that time, he said before Him, “Master of the world,” now my mind has settled down enough for a servant to be like his master.

Rabbi Levi, when the Blessed One said to the Knesset of Israel, “Arise, my light, for your light has come,” she said before Him, “Master of the world (future),” you are at our head at that time. The Holy One, blessed be He, says to her, my daughter (Jephti), you say as it is said (My uncle answered and said to me, Arise, my wife Jephti, and go to you) [From the groaning of the poor, now will I arise, says the Lord, etc.] (Psalms 12:6). Another thing: Why is the assembly of Israel in this world like a girdle that cannot go and come, and the nations of the world despise them and say to them every day, “Where is your God? Why does he not save you?” She said (to him) [to them], “I have one day that my king will come upon me, and he will hold me and set me on my feet,” as it is said (From the groaning of the poor, now will I arise, says the Lord, I will make him stand in salvation) [My uncle answered and said to me, Arise, my wife Jephti, and go to you] (Shahs 2:10). Rabbi Isaac said, “In the year that the King of the Messiah will appear, all the kings of the nations of the world will taunt one another. The king of Persia will taunt the king of Arabia. The king of Arabia will go to Edom to seek advice from them. The king of Persia will return and destroy the entire world. All the nations of the world will tremble and be terrified and fall on their faces. He will seize them with labor pains like the labor pains of a woman in labor. Israel will tremble and be terrified, saying, ‘Where shall we go? Where shall we come?’ And he will say to them, ‘My sons, do not be afraid.’ The time for your redemption has come. Not like the first redemption, so the last redemption. For the first redemption was for you sorrow and the bondage of (other) kingdoms.’ But the last redemption is for you no sorrow and the bondage of (other) kingdoms.’

Our sages taught that when the King of the Messiah will appear, he will stand on the roof of the Temple. He will make Israel hear and say to them, ‘What shall we do?’ Humble ones, the time of your redemption has come. If you do not believe, see (in its light) [in its light] that has shone upon you, as it is said, “Arise, my light, for your light has come, and the glory of the Lord has shone upon you,โ€ and upon you alone has it shone, and not upon the nations of the world, as it is said, “For behold, darkness shall cover the earth, and thick darkness the nations; and upon you shall the Lord shine, and His glory shall be seen upon you.” At that hour, the Holy One, blessed be He, will shine forth the light of the King of the Messiah and of Israel, and all the nations of the world will walk in darkness and gloom, and all will walk in the light of the Messiah and of Israel, as it is said, “And the nations shall walk along the kings to the star of your rising” (Isaiah 60:3). And they will come and shake the dust from under the feet of the King of the Messiah, as it is said, “And they shall tremble before him, and they shall shake the dust from his feet” (Isaiah 49:23). And they will all come and fall on their faces before the Messiah and before Israel, and say to them, “We will be your servants and Israel’s servants, and each one of Israel will have two thousand and eight hundred servants,” as it is said, “And it shall come to pass in that day that ten men will hold ten men.” From all the languages โ€‹โ€‹of the nations, and they took hold of the wing of a Jew, saying, “Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you” (Zechariah 8:23). (Isaiah 42:1 with Pesikta Rabbati)

Remarkably, Pesikta not only affirms the Messiahโ€™s prehuman existence with God by his throne from the time of creation, it also ascribes to him verses which speak of Godโ€™s light shining forth upon the earth. It further interprets Psalm 22 as referring to the Messiahโ€™s suffering for the sins of his people.

Thereโ€™s more quotes from the rabbis:

Berakhot 56b:13 

ื‘ืจื›ื•ืช ื ืดื• ื‘:ื™ืดื’

ื”ึธืจื•ึนืึถื” ืชึดึผื’ึฐืœึทื—ึทืช ื‘ึทึผื—ึฒืœื•ึนื, ื™ึทืฉึฐืื›ึดึผื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึนืืžึทืจ ืดื•ึทื™ึฐื’ึทืœึทึผื— ื•ึทื™ึฐื—ึทืœึตึผืฃ ืฉึดื‚ืžึฐืœึนืชึธื™ื•ืด, ืงื•ึนื“ึถื ืฉึถืื™ึดึผืงึฐื“ึฐึผืžึถื ึผื•ึผ ืคึธึผืกื•ึผืง ืึทื—ึตืจ โ€” ืดื›ึดึผื™ ืึดื ื’ึปึผืœึทึผื—ึฐืชึดึผื™ ื•ึฐืกึธืจ ืžึดืžึถึผื ึดึผื™ ื›ึนื—ึดื™ืด. ื”ึธืจื•ึนืึถื” ื‘ึฐึผืึตืจ ื‘ึทึผื—ึฒืœื•ึนื, ื™ึทืฉึฐืื›ึดึผื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึนืืžึทืจ ืดื‘ึฐึผืึตืจ ืžึทื™ึดื ื—ึทื™ึดึผื™ืืด, ืงื•ึนื“ึถื ืฉึถืื™ึดึผืงึฐื“ึฐึผืžึถื ึผื•ึผ ืคึธึผืกื•ึผืง ืึทื—ึตืจ โ€” ืดื›ึฐึผื”ึธืงึดื™ืจ ื‘ึทึผื™ึดืจ ืžึตื™ืžึถื™ื”ึธืด. ื”ึธืจื•ึนืึถื” ืงึธื ึถื” ื‘ึทึผื—ึฒืœื•ึนื, ื™ึทืฉึฐืื›ึดึผื™ื ื•ึฐื™ึนืืžึทืจ ืดืงึธื ึถื” ืจึธืฆื•ึผืฅ ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉึฐืื‘ึผื•ึนืจืด, ืงื•ึนื“ึถื ืฉึถืื™ึดึผืงึฐื“ึฐึผืžึถื ึผื•ึผ ืคึธึผืกื•ึผืง ืึทื—ึตืจ โ€” ืดื”ึดื ึตึผื” ื‘ึธื˜ึทื—ึฐืชึธึผ ืœึฐึผืšึธ ืขึทืœ ืžึดืฉึฐืืขึถื ึถืช ื”ึทืงึธึผื ึถื” ื”ึธืจึธืฆื•ึผืฅืด.  

One who sees a shave in a dream should rise early and recite: โ€œAnd he shaved himself, and changed his raimentโ€ (Genesis 41:14), which was said with regard to Joseph when he left prison and rose to greatness, before a different verse, with a negative connotation, can precede it in becoming reality: โ€œIf I be shaven, then my strength will go from me, and I shall become weakโ€ (Judges 16:17). One who sees a well in a dream should rise early and recite: โ€œA well of living watersโ€(Song of Songs 4:15), before a different verse, with a negative connotation, can precede it in becoming reality: โ€œAs a cistern wells with her waters, so it wells in its wickednessโ€ (Jeremiah 6:7). One who sees a reed in a dream should rise early and recite: โ€œA bruised reed shall he not breakโ€ (Isaiah 42:3), in praise of the Messiahbefore a different verse, with a negative connotation, can precede it in becoming reality: โ€œNow, behold, you trust upon the staff of this bruised reedโ€ (II Kings 18:21), which is a disparaging depiction of Egypt.

Jerusalem Talmud Kilayim 9:3:11  

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื›ืœืื™ื ื˜ืณ:ื’ืณ:ื™ืดื

ื›ึฐึผืชึดื™ื‘ ื•ึผื ึฐืฉึธื‚ืืชึทื ึดื™ ืžึดืžึดึผืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื•ึผืงึฐื‘ึทืจึฐืชึทึผื ึดื™ ื‘ึดึผืงึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึธืชึธื. ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ื›ึธึผืœ ื”ึถืŸ ื“ึฐึผื”ื•ึผื ืžึทื” ื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐื ึทื›ึตึผื™. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ืœึธืขึฐื–ึธืจ ืึธืžึทืจ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื’ึทื‘. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ื—ึฒื ึดื™ื ึธื ืึธืžึทืจ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื’ึทื‘. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉึปืืขึท ื‘ึถึผืŸ ืœึตื•ึดื™ ืึธืžึทืจ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื’ึทื‘. ืžึทื”ื•ึผ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื’ึทื‘. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ืฉึดืืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึถึผืŸ ืœึธืงึดื™ืฉื ืึธืžึทืจ ืึถืชึฐื”ึทืœึตึผืšึฐ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื™ื™ ื‘ึฐึผืึทืจึฐืฆื•ึนืช ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึดึผื™ื. ื•ึทื”ึฒืœึนื ืึตื™ืŸ ืึทืจึฐืฆื•ึนืช ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึดึผื™ื ืึถืœึธึผื ืฆื•ึนืจ ื•ึทื—ึฒื‘ึตืจื•ึนืชึถื™ื”ึธ ื•ึฐืงึตื™ืกึธืจึดื™ืŸ ื•ึทื—ึฒื‘ึตืจื•ึนืชึถื™ื”ึธ ืชึทึผืžึธึผืŸ ื–ื•ึนืœึธื ืชึทึผืžึธึผืŸ ืฉื‚ื•ึนื‘ึฐืขึธื. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ืฉึดืืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึถึผืŸ ืœึธืงึดื™ืฉื ื‘ึฐึผืฉึตืื ื‘ึทึผืจ ืงึทืคึธึผืจึธื ืึถืจึถืฅ ืฉึถืืžึตึผื™ืชึถื™ื”ึธ ื—ึทื™ึดึผื™ืŸ ืชึฐึผื—ึดื™ืœึธึผื” ืœึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ื”ึทืžึธึผืฉึดืื™ื—ึท. ื•ึผืžึทื” ื˜ึทืขึทื ื ื•ึนืชึตืŸ ื ึฐืฉึธืืžึธื” ืœึฐืขึทื ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ. ืึถืœึธึผื ืžึตืขึทืชึธึผื” ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืฉึถืื‘ึทึผื’ึผื•ึนืœึธื” ื”ึดืคึฐืกึดื™ื“ื•ึผ. ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ืกึดื™ืžึทื™ื™ ืžึทื—ึฐืœึดื™ื“ ื”ึทืงึธึผื“ื•ึนืฉื ื‘ึธึผืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื”ึตืŸ ืžึดืชึฐื’ึทึผืœึฐื’ึฐึผืœึดื™ืŸ ื›ึฐึผื ื•ึนื“ื•ึนืช ื•ึฐื›ึตื™ื•ึธืŸ ืฉึถืื”ึตืŸ ืžึทื’ึดึผื™ืขึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื ึทืคึฐืฉึธืืŸ ื—ื•ึนื–ึฐืจื•ึนืช ืขึฒืœึตื™ื”ึถืŸ. ื•ึผืžึทื” ื˜ึทืขึทื ื•ึฐื”ึดื ึทึผื—ึฐืชึดึผื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืขึทืœ ืึทื“ึฐืžึทืช ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึดึผื™ ืจื•ึผื—ึดื™ ื‘ึธึผื›ึถื ื•ึดื—ึฐื™ึดื™ืชึถื. 

It is written (Gen. 47:30): โ€œYou shall carry me from Egypt and bury me in their burial place.โ€ What would Jacob lose at any place he would be? Rebbi Eleazar gave an inner reason, Rebbi แธคanina gave an inner reason, Rebbi Joshua ben Levi gave an inner reason. What is the inner reason? Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, (Ps. 116:9) โ€œI will walk before the Eternal in the Land of Life.โ€ But the lands of life are only Tyre and its surroundings and Caesarea (maritima) and its surroundings; there is cheap (food), there is satiety. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish in the name of Bar Qappara, the Land whose dead will live again in the days of the Messiah. What is the reason? (Is. 42:9) โ€œHe gives soul to the people on it.โ€ That would mean that our teachers in the diaspora would lose out! Rebbi Simai said, the Holy One, praised be He, makes the earth erode before them and they roll like wine barrels. When they arrive at the Land of Israel their souls return to them. What is the reason? (Ez. 37:12) โ€œI shall deposit you on the territory of Israel,โ€ (v. 14) โ€œgive My spirit into you, and you will live.โ€

Yevamot 93b:2 

ื™ื‘ืžื•ืช ืฆืดื’ ื‘:ื‘ืณ

ืœึธื, ื”ึธื›ึดื™ ืงึธืึธืžึฐืจึดื™ ืœึธืšึฐ: ืดืงึธื ึถื” ืจึธืฆื•ึผืฅ ืœึนื ื™ึดืฉึฐืื‘ึผื•ึนืจ ื•ึผืคึดืฉึฐืืชึธึผื” ื›ึตื”ึธื” ืœึนื ื™ึฐื›ึทื‘ึถึผื ึธึผื”ืด.  

Rabbi แธคiyya said to him: No; The dream referred to a different verse, one that deals with the Messiah, as they said to you as follows: โ€œA bruised reed he shall not break and the dimly burning wick he shall not quench; according to truth he shall bring forth justiceโ€ (Isaiah 42:3). In other words, Rabbi Yannai acted correctly, in accordance with the ways of truth. This exchange shows that both Rabbi แธคiyya and Rabbi Yannai agree that an entity not in the world can be acquired. 

Jerusalem Talmud Ketubot 12:3:11 

ืชืœืžื•ื“ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœืžื™ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ื™ืดื‘:ื’ืณ:ื™ืดื

ื›ึฐึผืชึดื™ื‘ ื•ึผื ึฐืฉึธื‚ืืชึทื ึดื™ ืžึดืžึดึผืฆึฐืจึทื™ึดื ื•ึผืงึฐื‘ึทืจึฐืชึทึผื ึดื™ ื‘ึดึผืงึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึธืชึธื. ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ื›ึธึผืœ ื”ึถืŸ ื“ึฐึผื”ื•ึผื ืžึทื”ื•ึผ ืžึฐื ึทื‘ึตึผื™. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ืœึธืขึฐื–ึธืจ ืึธืžึทืจ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื’ึทื‘. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึนืฉึปืืขึท ื‘ึถึผืŸ ืœึตื•ึดื™ ืึธืžึทืจ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื’ึทื‘. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ื—ึฒื ึดื™ื ึธื ืึธืžึทืจ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื’ึทื‘. ืžึทื”ื•ึผ ื“ึฐึผื‘ึธืจึดื™ื ื‘ึฐึผื’ึทื‘. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ืฉึดืืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึถึผืŸ ืœึธืงึดื™ืฉื ืึธืžึทืจ. ืึถืชึฐื”ึทืœึตึผืšึฐ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ ื™ื™ ื‘ึฐึผืึทืจึฐืฆื•ึนืช ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึดึผื™ื. ื•ึทื”ึฒืœึนื ืึตื™ืŸ ืึทืจึฐืฆื•ึนืช ื”ึทื—ึทื™ึดึผื™ื ืึถืœึธึผื ืฆื•ึนืจ ื•ึฐืงึตื™ืกึธืจึดื™ืŸ ื•ึทื—ึฒื‘ึตืจื•ึนืชึถื™ื”ึธ. ืชึทึผืžึธึผืŸ ื›ึผื•ึผืœึธึผื” ืชึทึผืžึธึผืŸ ืฉึธื‚ื‘ึทืข. ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ืฉึดืืžึฐืขื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึถึผืŸ ืœึธืงึดื™ืฉื ื‘ึฐึผืฉึตืื ื‘ึทึผืจ ืงึทืคึธึผืจึธื. ืึถืจึถืฅ ืฉึถืืžึตึผืชึถื™ื”ึธ ื—ึทื™ึดึผื™ื ืชึฐึผื—ึดื™ืœึธึผื” ืœึดื™ืžื•ึนืช ื”ึทืžึธึผืฉึดืื™ื—ึท. ืžึทื” ื˜ึทืขึฐืžึธื. ื ื•ึนืชึตืŸ ื ึฐืฉึธืืžึธื” ืœึฐืขึทื ืขึธืœึถื™ื”ึธ. ืžึตืขึทืชึธึผื” ืจึทื‘ึผื•ึนืชึตื™ื ื•ึผ ืฉึถืื‘ึฐึผื‘ึธื‘ึตืœ ื”ึดืคึฐืกึดื™ื“ื•ึผ. ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึดื‘ึดึผื™ ืกึดื™ืžึทืื™. ื”ึทืงึธึผื“ื•ึนืฉื ื‘ึธึผืจื•ึผืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐื”ึทืœึตึผืšึฐ ืœึดืคึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืึถืœ ื”ึธืึธืจึถืฅ ื•ึฐื”ึตืŸ ืžึดืชึฐื’ึทึผืœึฐื’ึฐึผืœึดื™ืŸ ื›ึฐึผื ื•ึนื“ื•ึนืช. ื•ึฐื›ึตื™ื•ึธืŸ ืฉึถืืžึทึผื’ึดึผื™ืขึดื™ืŸ ืœึฐืึถืจึถืฅ ื™ึดืฉึฐื‚ืจึธืึตืœ ื ึทืคึฐืฉืื•ึนืชึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืขึดืžึธึผื”ึถืŸ. ืžึทื” ื˜ึทืขึฐืžึธื. ื•ึฐื”ึตื‘ึตืืชึดื™ ืึถืชึฐื›ึถื ืึถืœ ืึทื“ึฐืžึธืชึฐื›ึถื ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืชึดึผื™ ืจื•ึผื—ึดื™ ื‘ึธึผื›ึถื ื•ึดื—ึฐื™ื™ืชึถื.  

It is written (Gen. 47:30): โ€œYou shall carry me from Egypt and bury me in their burial place.โ€ What would Jacob lose at any place he would prophesy? Rebbi Eleazar gave an inner reason, Rebbi Joshua ben Levi gave an inner reason, Rebbi แธคanina gave an inner reason. What is the inner reason? Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish said, (Ps. 116:9) โ€œI will walk before the Eternal in the Land of Life.โ€ But the lands of life are only Tyre and its surroundings and Caesarea (maritima) and its surroundings; there is cheap (food), there is plenty. Rebbi Simeon ben Laqish in the name of Bar Qappara, the Land whose dead will live again in the days of the Messiah. What is the reason? (Is. 42:9) โ€œHe gives soul to the people on it.โ€ That would mean that our teachers in Babylonia would lose out! Rebbi Simai said, the Holy One, praised be He, walks before them and they roll like wine barrels. When they arrive in the Land of Israel their souls are with them. What is the reason? (Ez. 36:24) โ€œI shall bring you to your soil,โ€ (37:14) โ€œgive My spirit into you, and you will live.โ€ (Isaiah 42:1-16 with Talmud)


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