• If you ask me, why I am a Catholic Christian, my answer would be like the one of Saint Augustine’s: “I won’t be a Christian if not for the Catholic Church”.

  • This comes from St. Gregory’s Oration 25. All emphasis will be mine. Define our piety by teaching the knowledge of: One God, unbegotten, the Father; and One begotten Lord, his Son, referred to as “God” when he is mentioned separately, but “Lord” when he is named together with the Father—the first on account of the [divine]…

  • What a rich and important topic. St. Irenaeus of Lyons stands as one of the most powerful early witnesses to the primacy of Rome, and his testimony deserves to be understood in full — both its weight and its context. 🏛️ St. Irenaeus of Lyons on the Papacy Who Was Irenaeus? St. Irenaeus (c. 130–202…

  • Free Grace Theology (FGT) — associated with figures like Zane Hodges and the Grace Evangelical Society claims to honor the Bible, but when held up to the full light of Scripture and Sacred Tradition, it falls short in several serious ways, and we’re going to prove it how it contradicts the Bible also! What Free…

  • This excerpt is taken from St. Athanasius who claims that the language adopted by Nicaea to describe the Son’s essential equality with the Father isn’t new but quite ancient, going back to at least 130 years earlier. Athanasius exposed the Arian heretics by appealing to an unbroken chain of Apostolic succession of Bishops to prove…

  • David Kimchi, also known as RaDaK, was a medieval rabbinic commentator and philosopher who lived from 1160–1235 AD. In this post I will quote from his commentary in regards to a few OT texts that are either Messianic or have a direct bearing on Christian exegesis of OT verses, such as Psalm 2:12. Radak on…

  • I share the following article on St. Maximus the Confessor from CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Maximus of Constantinople. St. Maximus of Constantinople Known as the Theologian and as Maximus Confessor, born at Constantinople about 580; died in exile 13 August, 662. He is one of the chief names in the Monothelite controversy one of the chief doctors of the theology of the Incarnation and of ascetic mysticism, and…

  • In this post I will be quoting from Catholic Commentary on Sacred Scripture: The Gospel of John, by Francis Martin and William M. Wright IV, published by BakerAcademic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, Grand Rapids, Michigan, and published in 2015. All emphasis will be mine. Authorship The Gospel does not explicitly name its author,…

  • Another Arian Bites the Dust According to John’s Gospel, the prophet Isaiah saw Jesus Christ in his prehuman existence as YHWH of Hosts seated on his heavenly throne: “Jesus replied, ‘The light is with you for a little while longer. Walk while you have the light, so that the darkness may not overtake you. The one who…

  • The land of Illyricum

  • In this post I will be looking at two OT texts, which the early Christians saw as foreshadowing Christ’s crucifixion. These early writers employed these particular verses as prophesying or prefiguring Christ’s death on a cross. First Prophecy I begin with the following reference from the Jeremiah: “and I am as a lamb or a…

  • In this article I will quote the relevant verses from both the Old and New Testaments where Israel is either said to be Sodom and Gomorrah, or even worse than them. I will further show how God also warns that Israel’s punishment will be much more severe and worse than that which he inflicted upon…

  • In this post I will be looking at two OT texts, which the early Christians saw as foreshadowing Christ’s crucifixion. These early writers employed these particular verses as prophesying or prefiguring Christ’s death on a cross.     First Prophecy   I begin with the following reference from the Jeremiah:   “and I am as…

  • I share some of the many statements from St. John Chrysostom, one of the greatest saints biblical exegetes of the Church, affirming the primacy of Peter. These citations attest that Chrysostom held to Peter being the Rock and Leaders of the universal Church, having been given a preeminence over the rest of the holy Apostles…

  • Muslim apologist Sami Zaatari has jumped on the so-called “Christian” unitarian bandwagon by rehashing the same old worn out arguments and objections of these heretics against the true historic Christian faith which is based on the accurate interpretation of the Holy Bible. In one of his articles, Zaatari appeals to the unitarian interpretation of Psalm…

  • Examining Psalm 110:1 A look at Its Implications on God being a Multi-Personal Being and upon the Deity of Christ Christians often appeal to Psalm 110:1 to prove that the Hebrew Bible teaches that Yahweh is multi-Personal, that there is more than one Person who is Yahweh God, and that the Messiah is God. The…

  • In this post I quote the commentary of Mar Ishodad of Merv (Mari Ishoʿdaḏ Maruzaya), who was the bishop of Hdatta (circa 850 AD), which is near current-day Mosul, Iraq. Ishodad is considered a very important and prominent theologian of the Assyrian Church of the East, who wrote some very influential commentaries on the Syriac version of the Holy…

  • The Relationship between God the Father, Son and Holy Spirit Now, having established that there is only ONE God but also that there are three persons who are shown to be this one God, we are faced with the question of how these three persons are ‘related’.  There have been different ‘models’ and ideas for…

  • Does the Bible Say, That the Holy Spirit Is God?  Before we look at the interrelationship of God, the Father, God, the Son, and God, the Holy Spirit, we have to quickly establish that the Holy Spirit is God. I think, if you could follow and accept the reasoning in the earlier parts, there should…

  • This lengthy extract from St. Optatus is taken from Optatus of Milevis, Against the Donatists (1917) Book 2. pp. 57-119. His statements affirm that the Roman Church is the See of Peter, and the grounds of unity which makes the Church one and universal. He further argues that to deviate or break communion from it is to…

  • The argument is: Arguments against Dyophysites: Premise 1) Ens and unum are strictly convertible; whatever is, is one, and whatever is one, is. Unity adds nothing positive to being, but is the privation of internal division Premise 2) Numerical unity is that mode of unity which is both undivided in itself and divided from every…

  • God’s Glory equated with His Praise and Honor Another indication that Jesus shares in the glory of God is that he receives the very honor and praise which only God is supposed to receive. According to the book of Isaiah, Yahweh says that he will not share his glory and praise with any other so-called…

  • It may surprise Christians to discover that Martin Luther candidly admitted that the Catholic Church traces itself back to the Apostles, that it genuinely has Apostolic Succession, despite having (in Luther’s erroneous view) corrupted itself throughout time. Here is Luther in his own words: Today the pope and his crowd cry out against us that…

  • The following quote is taken from Josephus’ The War of the Jews 5:5, translated by William Whiston. He states that the Divine Name consists of 4 vowels. All emphasis is mine. ז. ובני משפחת הכהֻנה, אשר לא יכלו לשָׁרֵת בקֹדש מפני מום אשר בבשרם, היו באים לפנים מן הקלעים עם אחיהם הכשרים ומקבלים את חלקי הזבחים…

  • In this post I will be quoting from two English translations of the Syriac translation of the Holy Bible, which is called the Peshitta. I cite this particular ancient version for the express purpose of showing that the Aramaic term for God, namely Alah/Alaha, is used for both the Father and the Son. I will also use…

  • The Aramaic Bible, commonly referred to as the Peshitta, employs a unique word MarYah, which some authorities believe is a compound phrase consisting of Aramaic Mar (“Lord”) and the shortened form of the Tetragrammaton or the divine name yod-heh-vav-heh, namely, Yah. If this is so then the term literally means “The Lord Yah,” or “The Lord Jehovah.”  What makes this all the…

  • The Views of Scholars and Apologists It probably wouldn’t be an exaggeration to say that the consensus of NT scholarship agrees that according to John 12:41, the inspired Evangelist believed that Isaiah actually saw the prehuman Christ in Isaiah 6 when the prophet beheld Yahweh’s glory in a vision. Here are some of the comments which affirm…

  • I am going to revisit the Apostle John’s claim that Isaiah beheld the visible glory of Christ when the Lord Jesus appeared to the prophet in his prehuman existence as Jehovah of Hosts seated on the throne. I am referring to the following text from the inspired Evangelist:  “‘Believe in the light while you have…

  • Every time anyone goes against Christianity shoot themselves on the foot. It started from the cross.

  • The late Dr. Gleason L. Archer addressed the issue of Ahaziah’s reign and age, since 2 Kings. 8:26 states he was 22 whereas 2 Chronicles 22:2 states he was 42. When did Ahaziah ben Jehoram become king? 2 Kings 8:25 says that Ahaziah son of Jehoram of Judah became king in the twelfth year of…

  • In this article I will reference statements from some of the greatest theologians, apologists, scholars, bishops and/or sons to show that the unanimous belief of the universal Church was that Peter was the chief and head of all the holy and blessed Apostles. Epistle of Clement to James Epistle of Clement to James Chapter I.-Peter’s…

  • The following citation is taken from William Cole’s article, “Was Luther a Devotee of Mary?,” found in Marian Studies, Volume XXI, 1970, p. 131: In a Christmas sermon of 1531, Luther speaks of Mary as the “HIGHEST WOMAN AND THE NOBLEST GEM in Christianity after Christ.” He goes on to claim that “she is nobility,…

  • AD 100-700: Beginning to the end of the Patristic era The Protoevangelium of James And Anna made a song to the Lord God, saying: I will sing a song to the Lord my God, for He has looked upon me, and has taken away the reproach of mine enemies; and the Lord has given the…

  • The Greek Fathers Here are a number of ancient experts and what they say it means; each of them is a Greek-speaker from a culture basically identical to that of St. Luke; there are a couple repeats from the previous thread, but from them I give new material, too; the passages are expositions by the…

  • A BIBLICAL CASE FOR MARIAN VENERATION According to the Hebrew Bible, the mother of the Israelite king was given the status of queen mother. In other words, the [O]ld [T]estament shows that it wasn’t the wife of the king that was the queen but rather his mother: “Also he removed Maachah his grandmother from being queen mother, because…

  • The Holy Bible depicts our Lord’s blessed mother as typifying or personifying the nation of Israel by taking language, which is reminiscent to the way the Hebrew Scriptures portray God’s people, and ascribing it to her. For instance, the nation is collectively addressed as the virgin daughter of Zion or the virgin daughter of Judah:…

  • https://www.newadvent.org/summa/1055.htm St. Thomas Aquinas, the Angelic Doctor, devoted extraordinary care to this subject in the Summa Theologiae (Prima Pars, Questions 54–58), and his conclusions remain the touchstone of Catholic thought on the matter. Here is a thorough and ordered exposition: 🕊️ Angelic Knowledge: A Deep Dive I. Angels Are Pure Intellect As purely spiritual beings,…

  • The following is taken from this post: Prayers to Saints in the Pre-Nicene Era – Energetic Procession. It is commonly claimed that the practice of praying to departed saints and to angels is a late development in Christianity, probably post-dating the Council of Nicea. In this post, I will try to argue that prayers to departed…

  • The citations presented here document the widespread belief in the prayers/intercessions of angels and saints for believers on earth. All emphasis will be mine. Shepherd of Hermas (AD 89-145) Chapter 4 I prayed him much that he would explain to me the similitude of the field, and of the master of the vineyard, and of the…

  • Enoch contains a fascinating depiction of the souls of human who were slaughtered, by the instigation of the rebellious angels that taught mankind to make weapons to kill, crying out to the angels of heaven to bring their petitions to God that he might avenge them: [Chapter 8] 1 And Azazel taught men to make swords,…

  • By James Divine. September 4th, 2024 (https://substack.com/inbox/post/148703931?r=4ca6ix&triedRedirect=true). Foreword During the time I wrote this article, a gentleman, a scholar, an author and wordsmith; Dr. James Likoudis passed away. Perhaps asleep is he to us, but in soul; with Our Lord. May this Catholic champion rest in peace. Condolences to his family and friends who survive…

  • The quotes are courtesy of Divine Mercy Apologetics. They prove that St. Gregory Palamas’ position on Muslims is in perfect agreement woth the Catholic Church. Catechism of the Catholic Church #841: “The Church’s relationship with the Muslims. “The plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place amongst whom are…

  • St. Gregory mentions a dialogue he had with a group of Turkish Muslims. What makes his comments rather amazing is that he affirms that both the Muslims and himself are calling upon one and the same God, even though these Turks are ignorant of the fact that this God whom they worship is inseparable from…

  • In this post I will be citing extracts from the letters sent by Pope Agatho during the third Council of Constantinople (680-681 AD), which was convened to settle the matter of there being two wills in Christ our Lord.   Pope Agatho not only speaks of Peter’s primacy as the prince of the Apostles, he…

  • SEVENTEEN times the Gospel of John mentions the “hour” of Jesus. In the first half of the book, the “hour” is a highly anticipated moment in the ministry of Jesus that constantly grabs the attention of the reader and drives the narrative forward (Jn 2:4; 4:21; 5:25; 7:30, 8:20). In the second half of the…

  • I post here the commentary of the blessed St. Cyril of Alexandria on John 14:28 where he plainly states that the Father was greater than the Son only because of the Son’s Incarnation and descent to the earth to humble himself by becoming a slave. The saint refutes those heretics who used this verse to…

  • The quotations from St. Augustine are taken from On the Trinity, Book 1. Augustine will cite texts such as 1 John 5:20, where Jesus is called the true God and eternal life, to prove that Christ is one divine Person who operates in/by/through two natures since he is the God-Man. He will explain that Jesus, by virtue of…

  • In this post I will be quoting snippets from John the Damascene’s monumental tome titled, Exposition of the Faith, in regards to his articulation of the Trinity, the Son’s eternal generation, and two natures of Christ. As the readers will readily discern, John’s insights, depth of knowledge, and mastery of the Holy Scriptures are simply remarkable,…

  • Some anti-Trinitarians and/or subordinationists like to use St. Irenaeus’ statements in his refutation to the Gnostics where he states that not even the Son knew the hour to prove that this holy bishop did not affirm the Trinity. They argue that his words show that he was at the very least a subordinationist who did…

  • The quotations from St. Augustine are taken from On the Trinity, Book 1. The beloved saint will show that the words of our Lord Jesus in Mark 13:32 do not imply that the Son was ignorant of the Day or Hour, but that he chose to veil that knowledge for the express purpose of not making it…

  • This post is a continuation of my previous one from blessed St. Hilary of Poitier’s work On the Trinity, Book VII: Hilary: God is the Trinity. Here I provide more quotes from that same section showing how this holy saint confirmed that the phrase “one God” does not refer to or mean the Father, As the citations will prove,…

  • Here I cite from St. Hilary of Poitier’s work On the Trinity, Book VII, where this holy saint affirms that the term God refers the divine Persons who share the same name and nature. All emphasis will be mine. 31. We see how the living Son of the living Father, He Who is God from God,…

  • In this post I will be quoting from the works of another early church father, namely Hilary of Poitiers, in respect to his Trinitarian beliefs. The citations will show that Hilary affirmed that the Son was timelessly begotten, and therefore not a creature, since the Son has been eternally God with the Father. The quotations…

  • In this somewhat lengthy post, I quote the words of another great saint, Hilary of Poitiers, from his writing On the Holy Trinity, Book IV.   This holy saint not only argued that Jesus is that very divine Angel that appeared throughout the OT, he also quoted texts such as Genesis 1, Psalms 45:6-7, Isaiah 45:11-14, Hosea…

  • The excerpts cited here are all taken from Ambrosiaster’s Commentary on the Pauline Epistles: Romans, Translated with Notes, by Theodore S. de Bruyn, with an Introduction by Theodore S. de Bruyn, Stephen A. Cooper, & David G. Hunter. It was published by SBL Press in 2017. All emphasis will be mine.   5.1. The Context…

  • The quotations from St. Augustine are taken from On the Trinity, Book 1. The blessed saint will cite texts such as 1 Timothy 6:13-16 and apply that to the Trinity. In so doing, he identifies the only God of the passage as the Trinity. Augustine also applies 1 John 5:20 to the Son, which describes Christ as…

  • In this post I will quote from a few fathers and saints of the Church whom all believed that the reason the Son honored the Father as his God is because of the Incarnation, as a result of the eternal Word becoming flesh and taking on a human nature. Hippolytus 60. To grasp this divine mystery we…

  • The following post is taken from Catholic Answers: https://www.catholic.com/magazine/print-edition/defending-the-filioque. Tim Staples Filioque is Latin for “and the Son” and refers to the part of the Nicene Creed wherein Christians declare the Holy Spirit “proceeds from the Father and the Son.” The Orthodox—along with Eastern Catholic Churches—do not recite this part of the Creed. More important for our purpose,…

  • The following post is taken from Catholic Answers: https://www.catholic.com/tract/filioque. The Western Church commonly uses a version of the Nicene creed which has the Latin word filioque (“and the Son”) added after the declaration that the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father. Scripture reveals that the Spirit proceeds from the Father and the Son. The external relationships of the…

  • Saint Augustine of Hippo on Filioque

New English Bible & Christ’s Deity

The verses cited here in respect to the Deity of Christ are taken from the New English Bible (NEB).

“but I will pour a spirit of pity and compassion into the line of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem. Then They shall look on me, on him whom they have pierced, and shall wail over him as over an only child, and shall grieve for him bitterly as for a first-born son.” Zechariah 12:10 

“Jesus then came up and is spoke to them. He said: ‘Full authority in heaven and on earth has been committed to me. Go forth therefore and make all nations my disciples; baptize men everywhere in the name of the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit, and teach them to observe all that I have commanded you. And be assured, I am with you always, to the end of time.’” Matthew 28:18-20

“WHEN ALL THINGS BEGAN, the Word already was. The Word dwelt with God, and what God was, the Word was. The Word, then, was with God at the beginning, and through him all things came to be; no single thing was created without him. All that came to be was alive with his life, and that life was the light of men… The real light which enlightens every man was even then coming into the world. He was in the world; but the world, though it owed its being to him, did not recognize him… So the Word became flesh; he came to dwell among us, and we saw his glory, such glory as befits the Father’s only Son, full of grace and truth… No one has ever seen God; but God’s only Son, he who is nearest to the Father’s heart, he has made him known.” John 1:1-4, 9-10, 14, 18

“‘My own sheep listen to my voice; I know them and they follow me. I give them eternal life and they shall never perish; no one shall snatch them from my care. My Father who has given them to me is greater than all, and no one can snatch them [Some witnesses read: My Father is greater than all, and that which he has given me no one can snatch … ; others read: That which my Father has given me is greater than all, and no one can snatch it …] out of the Father’s careMy Father and I are one.’

“Once again the Jews picked up stones to stone him. At this Jesus said to them, ‘I have set before you many good deeds, done by my Father’s power, for which of these would you stone me?’ The Jews replied, ‘We are not going to stone you for any good deed, but for your blasphemy. You, a mere man, claim to be a god.’ [Or: claim to be God.]” John 10:27-33

“Then he said to Thomas, ‘Reach your finger here: see my hands; reach your hand here and put it into my side; be unbelieving no longer, but believe.’ Thomas said, ‘My Lord and my God!‘ Jesus said, ‘Because you have seen me you have found faith. Happy are they who never saw me and yet have found faith.’” John 20:27-29

“Keep watch over yourselves and over all the flock of which the Holy Spirit has given you charge, as shepherds of the church of the Lord, [Some witnesses read: of God.] which he won for himself by his own blood. [Or, according to some witnesses: by the blood of his Own.]” Acts 20:28 

“Theirs are the patriarchs, and from them, in natural descent, sprang the Messiah. [Greek: Christ.] May God, supreme above all, be blessed for ever! Amen. [Or: sprang the Messiah, supreme above all, God blessed for ever; Or: sprang the Messiah, who is supreme above all. Blessed be God for ever!]” Romans 9:5 

“yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom all being comes, towards whom we move; and there is one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things came to be, and we through him.” 1 Corinthians 8:6 

“Let your bearing towards one another arise out of your life in Christ Jesus. For the divine nature was his from the first; yet he did not think to snatch at equality with God, but made himself nothing, assuming the nature of a slave. Bearing the human likeness, revealed in human shape, he humbled himself, and in obedience accepted even death–death on a cross.

“Therefore God raised him to the heights and bestowed on him the name above all names, [Is.45.23.] that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow—in heaven, on earth, and in the depths—and every tongue confess, ‘Jesus Christ is Lord’, to the glory of God the Father.” Philippians 2:5-11

“He rescued us from the domain of darkness and brought us away into the kingdom of his dear Son, in whom our release is secured and our sins forgiven. He is the image of the invisible God; his is the primacy over all created things. In him everything in heaven and on earth was created, not only things visible but also the invisible orders of thrones, sovereignties, authorities, and powers: the whole universe has been created through him and for him. And he exists before everything, and all things are held together in him. He is, moreover, the head of the body, the church. He is its origin, the first to return from the dead, to be in all things alone supreme. For in him the complete being of God, by God’s own choice, came to dwell. Through him God chose to reconcile the whole universe to himself, making peace through the shedding of his blood upon the cross—to reconcile all things, whether on earth or in heaven, through him alone.” Colossians 1:13-20

“For it is in Christ that the complete being of the Godhead dwells embodied, [Or: corporately.]” Colossians 2:9

“looking forward to the happy fulfilment of our hopes when the splendour of our great God and Saviour Christ Jesus will appear.” Titus 2:13 

“But in this the final age he has spoken to us in the Son whom he has made heir to the whole universe, and through whom he created all orders of existence: the Son who is the effulgence of God’s splendour and the stamp of God’s very being, and sustains the universe by his word of power. When he had brought about the purgation of sins, he took his seat at the right hand of Majesty on high… [Dt.32.43Ps.97.7.] Again, when he presents the first-born to the world, he says, ‘Let all the angels of God pay him homage.’… [Ps.45.6-7.] but of the Son, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever, And the sceptre of justice is the sceptre of his kingdom. Thou hast loved right and hated wrong; Therefore, O God, thy God has set thee above thy fellows, By anointing with the oil of exultation.’ Ps.102.25-27.] And again, ‘By thee. Lord, were earth’s foundations laid of old, And the heavens are the work of thy hands. They shall pass away, but thou endurest; Like clothes they shall all grow old; Thou shalt fold them up like a cloak; Yes, they shall be changed like any garment. But thou art the same, and thy years shall have no end.’” Hebrews 1:2-3, 6, 8-12

“FROM SIMEON PETER, servant and apostle of Jesus Christ, to those who through the justice of our God and Saviour Jesus Christ share our faith and enjoy equal privilege with ourselves.” 2 Peter 1:1 

“But grow in the grace and in the knowledge of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. [Or: But grow up, by the grace of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, and by knowing him.] To him be glory now and for all eternity!” 2 Peter 3:18 

“It is in danger from certain persons who have wormed their way in, the very men whom Scripture long ago marked down for the doom they have incurred. They are the enemies of religion; they pervert the free favour of our God into licentiousness, disowning Jesus Christ, our only Master and Lord… It was to them that Enoch, the seventh in descent from Adam, directed his prophecy when he said: ‘I saw the Lord come with his myriads of angels, to bring all men to judgement and to convict all the godless of all the godless deeds they had committed, and of all the defiant words which godless sinners had spoken against him.’… But you, my friends, should remember the predictions made by the apostles of our Lord Jesus Christ… But you, my friends, must fortify yourselves in your most sacred faith. Continue to pray in the power of the Holy Spirit. Keep yourselves in the love of God, and look forward to the day when our Lord Jesus Christ in his mercy will give eternal life… to the only God our Saviour, be glory and majesty, might and authority, through Jesus Christ our Lord, before all time, now, and for evermore. Amen.” Jude 1:4, 14-15, 17, 20-21, 25 

“’To the angel of the church at Laodicea write: These are the words of the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the prime source of all God’s creation:’” Revelation 3:14


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